On June 13, 2025, the Middle East witnessed an unprecedented military escalation between Israel and Iran, after Israel launched a large-scale air operation called “Rising Lion”, targeting Iran’s nuclear and military facilities. Iran retaliated with a barrage of ballistic missiles and drones. Misr Connect presents a full breakdown of the timeline, including the internal economic and social dimensions fueling unrest inside Iran.
1. Israel’s "Rising Lion" Operation
-
Objective: Destroy uranium enrichment sites in Natanz and Fordow, along with military depots and command centers.
-
Scope: Over 200 precision airstrikes using advanced fighter jets and guided missiles.
-
Impact: Israel claims to have neutralized key nuclear facilities and assassinated senior Iranian military and scientific figures.
2. Iran’s Missile Retaliation
-
Missile Count: Over 300 ballistic missiles and drones were launched.
-
Targets: Tel Aviv, surrounding suburbs, power plants, and military bases.
-
Defense Response: Israel’s Iron Dome intercepted most threats, though some explosions hit civilian zones, causing damage and injuries.
3. Domestic Fallout in Iran
3.1 Fuel and Energy Crisis
-
Fuel Shortages: Long lines formed at gas stations amid panic over supply disruptions.
-
Refinery Strain: Local production slowed, and some export shipments were suspended.
3.2 Water Shortage and Drought
-
Severe Rainfall Decline: Down by more than 45%; major reservoirs are critically low.
-
Agricultural Collapse: Food prices surged by nearly 40% as crops failed.
3.3 Public Protests
-
Renewed Movement: “Woman, Life, Freedom” protests resumed with student and worker strikes.
-
Public Demands: Economic relief, improved public services, and an end to military overspending.
4. Global Economic Implications
-
Oil Prices Spike: Global oil futures rose by 8% in response to fears of supply disruption.
-
Iran’s Inflation: Consumer prices surged by over 30% annually amid rising energy and food costs.
5. Future Outlook and International Reactions
-
Diplomatic Calls: The UN and EU urged restraint and called for nuclear negotiations.
-
Risk of Expansion: Analysts warn that the conflict could spill over into Lebanon, Iraq, or beyond.
