An eye chalazion, or eyelid cyst, is a small lump formed due to blockage of the meibomian glands, which secrete oils that keep the eye lubricated and protected from dryness. When a gland is blocked, a firm, usually painless cyst develops that can last weeks and may grow large enough to affect vision.

Difference Between Chalazion and Stye:
A chalazion is not an infection and usually not painful, whereas a stye is a painful bump caused by a blocked gland with bacterial infection. Sometimes, a chalazion develops from a previously unresolved stye but persists longer and requires monitoring or treatment.

Common Symptoms:

• Small lump under the eyelid skin (upper or lower)

• Mild swelling of the eyelid

• Foreign body sensation or itching

• Increased tearing due to reduced oil layer

• Blurred vision if the cyst grows beyond 5 mm

• In rare cases, a large chalazion may cause partial eyelid drooping and vision obstruction

Causes and Risk Factors:

• Dysfunction of meibomian glands (MGD)

• Chronic dry eye

• Chronic eyelid inflammation or previous stye

• Skin allergies or inflammatory conditions like rosacea

• Vitamin A deficiency

• Hormonal imbalances

• Immune problems or chronic infections, including type 1 diabetes

• Poor hygiene or touching eyes with dirty hands

Diagnosis:
Doctors perform a clinical eyelid exam, including inspection of skin and eyelashes, using a slit lamp or microscope to examine gland openings, and gently everting the upper eyelid to inspect internal glands.

Treatment Methods:

Home Remedies:

• Warm compresses 4–6 times daily for 10–15 minutes to soften the cyst

• Gentle eyelid massage after compresses, avoiding direct pressure

• Maintain hand and facial hygiene, avoid touching eyes

Medical Intervention:

• Antibiotics for inflammation linked to chronic conditions

• Daily eyelid cleaning with suitable products or diluted baby shampoo

• For large or vision-affecting cysts: steroid injections or surgical removal

Prevention:

• Wash hands before touching eyes or lenses

• Clean face daily before bedtime

• Avoid sharing makeup or contact lenses

• Manage chronic conditions such as eyelid inflammation and dry eye

• Regular eyelid massage and warm compresses to prevent gland blockage

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