Migraine: 3 Studies Reveal Why Attacks Keep Coming Back
Recent scientific studies highlight the main causes of migraines, from neurological and genetic factors to oral health, sleep disorders, and environmental triggers.
Several studies in 2025 revealed that migraine causes are multifactorial, involving biological, neurological, environmental, and oral health factors.
Biological and Neurological Factors
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Disruption in cerebrospinal fluid flow across the blood-brain barrier, activating sensory nerves.
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Hypothalamus dysfunction occurring up to 48 hours before an attack.
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Genetic factors increasing brain sensitivity to triggers.
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Cortical response to pain is altered with insufficient sleep.
Sleep Disorders
Poor or insufficient sleep affects pain response in the brain and increases eye and nerve sensitivity.
Oral Health
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Certain oral bacteria, especially in women, increase the frequency of migraine attacks.
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Oral health is strongly linked to migraine recurrence and nerve inflammation.
Environmental and Climatic Factors
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Temperature rise: every 1.2°C increases migraine risk by 6%.
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High humidity, heavy rainfall, and atmospheric pressure changes.
Molecular Mechanisms
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Activation of 12 specific proteins in sensory neurons.
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Increased protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid after cortical spreading depression.
Migraines and Eye Pain
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Disrupted cerebrospinal fluid flow and trigeminal nerve activation.
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Inflammation of blood vessels around eyes and brain.
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Light sensitivity, lack of sleep, eye strain from screens or prolonged reading.
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Hormonal changes, dehydration, and low fluid intake increase intracranial pressure.
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