Russia Enforces “MAX” App Nationwide — The Rise of the Sovereign Internet
Russia is rolling out its state-backed “MAX” app, a so-called “super app” designed to replace Western platforms like WhatsApp and Telegram as part of its broader plan to create a sovereign, independent digital ecosystem.
In a move that blends technology and politics, Russia has officially launched MAX, a government-supported “super app” aiming to centralize citizens’ digital lives — from messaging and payments to government services — under one unified platform.
The initiative marks a major step toward the Kremlin’s vision of a “sovereign internet”, an independent Russian network isolated from Western technologies.
A Mandatory National App
Since its launch in March 2025, MAX has been heavily promoted through schools, billboards, and public institutions. It now comes pre-installed on all new smartphones and tablets sold in Russia starting September 1, 2025.
According to the developer, over 45 million Russians have registered accounts, with 18 million daily active users, representing nearly one-third of the population.
Strict Usage and Registration Rules
MAX can only be installed using Russian or Belarusian phone numbers, effectively cutting off Russians living abroad from using the app unless they maintain a local SIM card.
Virtual eSIMs and foreign registrations are blocked, reinforcing the state’s drive for digital sovereignty.
Part of Russia’s “Sovereign Internet” Vision
This app is part of a broader plan to tighten control over the online environment and reduce reliance on foreign tech.
Starting January 2026, a government-run TV app called LIME HD TV will also be pre-installed on all smart TVs, offering free access to Russian state channels.
Restrictions on WhatsApp and Telegram
The government’s push for local alternatives follows recent restrictions on WhatsApp and Telegram, accused of failing to share data related to fraud and terrorism cases.
As of July, WhatsApp remains Russia’s most used messenger with 97.3 million users, followed by Telegram with 90.8 million, and VK Messenger — developed by the same state-owned company behind MAX — with 17.9 million users.
Privacy Concerns
Despite privacy fears, state media insist that MAX has fewer data access permissions than WhatsApp or Telegram and is designed to protect user information within national borders.
Ultimately, MAX represents more than a communication tool — it’s a strategic pillar in Russia’s quest for technological independence and tighter information control, signaling a new era of the sovereign internet
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