Al-Azhar Clarifies the Ruling on Favoring One Child with a Gift over Others
Egypt’s Al-Azhar Global Fatwa Center explains the Islamic ruling on giving gifts to children unequally, outlining when such actions are permissible and when they are prohibited.
The Al-Azhar Global Fatwa Center stated that gifting is a noble act encouraged by Islam as it strengthens affection and reinforces family ties. Citing the Prophet Muhammad’s ﷺ saying, “Exchange gifts and you will love one another,” the center emphasized that gifts from parents to their children are among the most virtuous forms of kindness and family connection.
It clarified that fairness among children in giving is the general rule, and favoritism without a valid reason is discouraged, as it may cause resentment and division. Scholars agreed that equality in gifts is required unless there is a justifiable reason for preference, such as illness, financial hardship, or special need.
The center noted two main scholarly views: the majority of Hanafi, Maliki, and Shafi’i scholars consider equality in gifts recommended (mustahabb), while the Hanbali and Zahiri schools view it as obligatory, prohibiting favoritism based on the Prophet’s ﷺ instruction to a father to be just among his children.
Al-Azhar added that the ruling depends on the father’s intention and the children’s circumstances. If the intention is to harm or wrong other children, it is sinful and invalid. However, if the preference is for a legitimate reason, such as illness or disability, it is permissible.
If all children willingly consent to the gift without coercion or resentment, then the act is also permissible, as fairness has been achieved through mutual satisfaction. The statement concluded by reminding that Islam’s spirit is rooted in justice, compassion, and preserving family unity.
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