Dr. Atiya Lashien, Professor of Comparative Fiqh at the Faculty of Sharia and Law, stated that oral divorce is a critical issue requiring precise understanding. He explained that a clear pronouncement of divorce by the husband has legal effect under Islamic law as long as he comprehends its meaning.
Lashien clarified that divorce does not require witnesses, citing the Quran: «مَا يَلْفِظُ مِنْ قَوْلٍ إِلَّا لَدَيْهِ رَقِيبٌ عَتِيدٌ», emphasizing personal accountability for all spoken words. Scholars have unanimously agreed that oral divorce occurs through explicit statements, regardless of formal documentation or witness presence, as the essence lies in the verbal expression.
He added that Islam gives full weight to spoken words and holds the speaker fully responsible, noting that marriage contracts historically required only verbal consent without written documentation, making divorce similarly valid through words alone.
Lashien further emphasized that divorce is valid even if pronounced jokingly, according to the hadith: “Three matters, their seriousness is binding even if joked: marriage, divorce, and emancipation.” Therefore, a deliberate pronouncement by a husband intending to end the marriage is unquestionably effective.
This clarification highlights the importance of understanding divorce rulings accurately, particularly in contemporary contexts where oral divorce is common, stressing the weight of words in marital relations.
